How would they bury the dead on Yom Tov – what is the difference between the first day and the second? On the first day, by gentiles and the second by Jews. There is a discussion about burial on the second day of Rosh Hashanah – is it like Yom Tov in the Diaspora or not? Is it only permitted if the person died before Yom Tov or even on Yom Tov? Because of the fear that the chabarim (hostile gentiles) would see them burying and thinking that work was permitted as well, Ravina forbade burying the dead on the second day of Yom Tov. Is it possible to make an eruv tavshilin on Yom Tov in the Diaspora on condition (if today is Yom Tov…)? Is it the same for Rosh Hashanah? There is a dispute between Rav and Shmuel or Rabbi Yochanan regarding the law of a chick born on Yom Tov. According to Rav who forbids, what is the difference between this and a calf born that is allowed to be slaughtered on Yom Tov? There are braitot to strengthen the views of Rav and Shmuel/Rabbi Yochanan. Rav Huna said on behalf of Rav that an egg is completed when it exits. What is meant by that statement? The Gemara brings five possibilities to understand this (part on page 7).
Want to dedicate learning? Get started here:
Beitzah 6
אָמַר רָבָא: מֵת בְּיוֹם טוֹב רִאשׁוֹן — יִתְעַסְּקוּ בּוֹ עֲמָמִים. מֵת בְּיוֹם טוֹב שֵׁנִי — יִתְעַסְּקוּ בּוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל, וַאֲפִילּוּ בִּשְׁנֵי יָמִים טוֹבִים שֶׁל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה. מַה שֶּׁאֵין כֵּן בְּבֵיצָה.
§ Rava said: If one died on the first day of a Festival, gentiles should attend to his burial. If he died on the second day of a Festival, Jews should attend to his burial. And even with regard to the two Festival days of Rosh HaShana, the halakha is that the legal status of the two days is like that of the two days of the Festivals; however, that is not so with regard to an egg that was laid on the first day of Rosh HaShana, as it remains prohibited on the second day.
נְהַרְדָּעֵי אָמְרִי: אַף בְּבֵיצָה. דְּמָה דַּעְתָּיךְ, דִּלְמָא מְעַבְּרִי לֵיהּ לֶאֱלוּל, הָא אָמַר רַב חִינָּנָא בַּר כָּהֲנָא אָמַר רַב: מִימוֹת עֶזְרָא וְאֵילָךְ לֹא מָצִינוּ אֱלוּל מְעוּבָּר.
The Sages of Neharde’a say: Even with regard to an egg, Rosh HaShana is no different from other Festivals, as an egg laid on the first day is permitted on the second. As what do you think i.e., what is your concern; perhaps witnesses will fail to arrive, and the court will proclaim the month of Elul full, i.e., thirty days long, and begin counting the year only from the following day? In that case, both days are kept as sacred ab initio. Didn’t Rav Ḥinnana bar Kahana say that Rav already said in this regard: From the days of Ezra and onward we have not found that the month of Elul was full, as the Sages employed various methods to ensure that there would be no need to add a thirtieth day. Consequently, Rosh HaShana would always occur on the thirtieth day after the beginning of Elul.
אָמַר מָר זוּטְרָא: לָא אֲמַרַן, אֶלָּא דְּאִשְׁתַּהִי. אֲבָל לָא אִשְׁתַּהִי — מַשְׁהִינַן לֵיהּ.
Mar Zutra said: We said that Jews should attend to the dead on the second day of Rosh HaShana only when the burial of the corpse has already been delayed and for some reason the burial was not on the day that he died. In that case, the body might begin to decay, and the dignity of the dead is at stake. However, if the burial has not been delayed, and there is no concern for the dignity of the corpse, its burial may not be attended to on the Festival; rather, we delay it until the Festival has ended.
רַב אָשֵׁי אָמַר: אַף עַל גַּב דְּלָא אִשְׁתַּהִי, נָמֵי לָא מַשְׁהִינַן לֵיהּ. מַאי טַעְמָא, יוֹם טוֹב שֵׁנִי לְגַבֵּי מֵת — כְּחוֹל שַׁוְּיוּהּ רַבָּנַן, אֲפִילּוּ לְמֵיגַז לֵיהּ גְּלִימָא, וּלְמֵיגַז לֵיהּ אָסָא.
Rav Ashi said: Even though the burial was not delayed, but it is the day that he died, we still do not delay the burial. What is the reason for this? With regard to the dead, the Sages equated the legal status of the second Festival day with that of a weekday. This is true to such an extent that on a Festival it is permitted even to cut material to fashion a cloak for the deceased. And similarly, it is permitted to cut myrtles for the deceased, to be placed on the bier in their honor.
אָמַר רָבִינָא: וְהָאִידָּנָא דְּאִיכָּא חַבָּרֵי — חָיְישִׁינַן.
Ravina said: And nowadays, when there are ḥabarei, this practice must be adjusted. The ḥabarei were Persian priests who made false accusations against Jews in Babylonia. They cited the fact that Jews were burying their dead on the second Festival day as proof that the day was not holy, and they forced them to work on that day. Since we are concerned about this possibility, we do not bury the dead on the second day.
רָבִינָא הֲוָה יָתֵיב קַמֵּיהּ דְּרַב (אַסִּי) בִּשְׁנֵי יָמִים טוֹבִים שֶׁל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה, חַזְיֵיהּ דַּהֲוָה עֲצִיב, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אַמַּאי עֲצִיב מָר? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: דְּלָא אוֹתִיבִי עֵירוּבֵי תַּבְשִׁילִין.
The Gemara relates: Ravina sat before Rav Ashi on the two Festival days of Rosh HaShana, which occurred that year on Thursday and Friday. Ravina observed that Rav Ashi was sad. He said to him: Why is the Master sad? He said to him: Because I did not prepare a joining of cooked foods, and therefore I cannot prepare food or light a candle on Rosh HaShana for the upcoming Shabbat. When a Festival immediately precedes Shabbat, a joining of cooked foods is prepared before the Festival with ready-to-eat food. It is kept until Shabbat, symbolically indicating that any food prepared on the Festival for Shabbat is merely a continuation of that initial preparation.
אֲמַר לֵיהּ: וְלוֹתֵיב מָר הָאִידָּנָא? מִי לָא אָמַר רָבָא: מַנִּיחַ אָדָם עֵירוּבֵי תַבְשִׁילִין מִיּוֹם טוֹב לַחֲבֵירוֹ, וּמַתְנֶה!
Ravina said to him: And let the Master prepare a joining of cooked foods now, on the first day of Rosh HaShana, a Thursday. Didn’t Rava say: A person may prepare a joining of cooked foods from one Festival day of the Diaspora to another, by stipulating the following condition: If today is a weekday and tomorrow is holy, this shall be my joining of cooked foods, by means of which I may prepare food tomorrow for Shabbat; if today is holy and tomorrow a weekday, it is permitted to prepare food tomorrow as it is on any regular weekday, and a joining of cooked foods is not needed.
אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אֵימַר דְּאָמַר רָבָא בִּשְׁנֵי יָמִים טוֹבִים שֶׁל גָּלִיּוֹת. בִּשְׁנֵי יָמִים טוֹבִים שֶׁל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה מִי אָמַר?
Rav Ashi said to him: You can say that Rava stated this halakha with regard to the regular two Festival days of the Diaspora; but did he actually say so with regard to the two Festival days of Rosh HaShana? The two days of Rosh HaShana are considered one long day, and they are both equally holy.
וְהָא אָמְרִי נְהַרְדָּעֵי: אַף בֵּיצָה מוּתֶּרֶת. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב מָרְדֳּכַי: בְּפֵירוּשׁ אֲמַר לִי מָר דְּלָא סָבַר לְהָא דִּנְהַרְדָּעֵי.
Ravina replied: Didn’t the Sages of Neharde’a say that even an egg is permitted on the two days of Rosh HaShana, which are treated exactly the same as other Festival days in the Diaspora? The same ruling should apply to a joining of cooked foods. Rav Mordekhai said to Ravina: This does not resolve Rav Ashi’s difficulty, as the Master, Rav Ashi, explicitly said to me that he does not hold in accordance with this opinion of the Sages of Neharde’a. Rather, he maintains that Rosh HaShana differs from other Festivals, and in this case there is no way to make up for failure to prepare a joining of cooked foods.
אִתְּמַר: אֶפְרוֹחַ שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב, רַב אָמַר: אָסוּר. וּשְׁמוּאֵל, וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: מוּתָּר. רַב אָמַר: אָסוּר — מוּקְצֶה הוּא. וּשְׁמוּאֵל, וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: מוּתָּר — הוֹאִיל וּמַתִּיר עַצְמוֹ בִּשְׁחִיטָה.
§ It was stated that amora’im disputed the following case: With regard to a chick that hatched on a Festival, Rav said: It is prohibited. And Shmuel, and some say Rabbi Yoḥanan, said: It is permitted. The Gemara explains the reasoning for their respective opinions. Rav said: It is prohibited because it is muktze. And Shmuel, and some say Rabbi Yoḥanan said: It is permitted, since it itself is rendered permitted through slaughter. The slaughter of the chicken, which renders it fit to be eaten, is made possible by its hatching. Consequently, hatching likewise removes the prohibition of muktze.
אָמְרִי לֵיהּ רַב כָּהֲנָא וְרַב אַסִּי לְרַב: וְכִי מָה בֵּין זֶה לְעֵגֶל שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב? אֲמַר לְהוּ: הוֹאִיל וּמוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ בִּשְׁחִיטָה.
Rav Kahana and Rav Asi said to Rav: And what is the difference between this case and that of a calf born on a Festival, since you agree that a calf may be slaughtered on that day? He said to them: There is a difference. Since a calf inside its mother is considered prepared on account of its mother, by slaughter, the halakha is as follows: If a cow is slaughtered, the calf inside its womb is also permitted. Therefore, that calf never had the status of muktze, whereas the chick was considered muktze before it hatched.
וּמָה בֵּין זֶה לְעֵגֶל שֶׁנּוֹלַד מִן הַטְּרֵפָה! שְׁתֵיק רַב.
Rav Kahana and Rav further challenged Rav: And what is the difference between this case and that of a tereifa? If the mother has a condition that will cause it to die within twelve months, neither it nor the calf inside it may be eaten. Nevertheless, after it is born the calf may be slaughtered on a Festival and it is permitted. Rav was silent and did not offer an answer, as though he did not know how to respond to the question.
אֲמַר רַבָּה וְאִיתֵּימָא רַב יוֹסֵף: מַאי טַעְמָא שְׁתֵיק רַב? לֵימָא לְהוּ: הוֹאִיל וּמוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ לִכְלָבִים!
Rabba said, and some say it was Rav Yosef: What is the reason that Rav was silent? Let him say to them: Even a calf born to a tereifa mother is not considered fully muktze, since it is prepared on account of its mother to be fed to dogs. On a Festival, it is permitted to slaughter a tereifa and give it to dogs as food, and therefore the calf is not fully muktze even before it is born. By contrast, a chick in its shell is not intended as food for dogs, and therefore a chick that hatched on a Festival was unfit for use when the Festival began. Consequently, it was considered muktze and it is now nolad, an object that came into being on Shabbat or a Festival, and it is therefore prohibited.
אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי:
Abaye said to him:
הַשְׁתָּא מוּכָן לְאָדָם לָא הָוֵי מוּכָן לִכְלָבִים, דִּתְנַן: מְחַתְּכִין אֶת הַדִּלּוּעִין לִפְנֵי הַבְּהֵמָה, וְאֶת הַנְּבֵלָה לִפְנֵי הַכְּלָבִים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: אִם לֹא הָיְתָה נְבֵלָה מֵעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת — אֲסוּרָה, לְפִי שֶׁאֵינָהּ מִן הַמּוּכָן; מוּכָן לִכְלָבִים הָוֵי מוּכָן לְאָדָם?!
Now, we know that food prepared, i.e., fit, for human consumption that became spoiled is not automatically considered prepared for dogs, as we learned in a mishna (see 2a): One may cut pumpkins before an animal to facilitate their consumption, and likewise one may cut up an animal carcass, even of an animal that died on Shabbat, before dogs. Rabbi Yehuda says: If the animal was not already a carcass, i.e., it was not dead and fit for dogs, prior to Shabbat, it is prohibited, because it is not in the category of items considered prepared for use on Shabbat. This shows that although this animal was fit for human consumption while alive, it does not automatically become prepared for dogs once it dies. If so, can food prepared for dogs be considered prepared for humans?
אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אִין, מוּכָן לְאָדָם — לָא הָוֵי מוּכָן לִכְלָבִים, דְּמַאי דַּחֲזֵי לֵיהּ לְאִינִישׁ לָא שָׁדֵי לֵיהּ לִכְלָבִים. מוּכָן לִכְלָבִים — הָוֵי מוּכָן לְאָדָם, דְּדַעְתֵּיהּ דְּאִינִישׁ אַכׇּל מִידֵּי דַּחֲזֵי לֵיהּ.
He said to him: Yes. It is not surprising that something prepared and fit for humans is not considered fit and prepared for dogs, as that which is fit for a person, one does not throw it to dogs, and he has therefore removed that animal from his mind. However, something that is prepared for dogs is also considered fit and prepared for humans, as a person’s mind is on anything fit to be eaten by him. One does not completely remove from his mind even food meant for dogs, if it is kosher and edible. Consequently, one has in mind the possibility that he might eat the calf of a cow that is a tereifa once it is born, since at that point it will be kosher and edible.
תַּנְיָא כְּוָתֵיהּ דְּרַב, תַּנְיָא כְּוָתֵיהּ דִּשְׁמוּאֵל וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן.
With regard to the dispute itself, the Gemara comments: It is taught in a baraita in accordance with the opinion of Rav; and it is taught in another baraita in accordance with the opinion of Shmuel, and some say in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yoḥanan.
תַּנְיָא כְּוָתֵיהּ דְּרַב: עֵגֶל שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — מוּתָּר, אֶפְרוֹחַ שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — אָסוּר, וּמָה הֶפְרֵשׁ בֵּין זֶה לָזֶה? זֶה מוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ בִּשְׁחִיטָה, וְזֶה אֵינוֹ מוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ.
The Gemara elaborates: It is taught in a baraita in accordance with the opinion of Rav: A calf born on a Festival is permitted; a chick born on a Festival is prohibited. And what is the difference between this case and that one? This one, the calf, is prepared on account of its mother by slaughter; and that one, the chick, is not prepared on account of its mother.
תַּנְיָא כְּוָתֵיהּ דִּשְׁמוּאֵל וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: עֵגֶל שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — מוּתָּר, וְאֶפְרוֹחַ שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — מוּתָּר, מַאי טַעְמָא: זֶה מוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ, וְזֶה מַתִּיר עַצְמוֹ בִּשְׁחִיטָה.
The Gemara further explains: It is taught in a baraita in accordance with the opinion of Shmuel, and some say it is the opinion of Rabbi Yoḥanan: A calf born on a Festival is permitted, and a chick born on a Festival is likewise permitted. What is the reason? This one, the calf, is prepared on account of its mother; and that one, the chick, is itself rendered permitted through slaughter.
תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: אֶפְרוֹחַ שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — אָסוּר. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר: אַף בַּחוֹל אָסוּר, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא נִתְפַּתְּחוּ עֵינָיו.
The Sages taught in a baraita: A chick born on a Festival is prohibited. Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov says: Even on a weekday, the chick is prohibited on the day it hatched because its eyes have not yet opened. A small chick of this kind is not yet considered a bird fit for consumption; rather, it is similar to a creeping animal.
כְּמַאן אָזְלָא הָא דְּתַנְיָא: ״לְכׇל הַשֶּׁרֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵץ עַל הָאָרֶץ״, לְרַבּוֹת אֶפְרוֹחִים שֶׁלֹּא נִתְפַּתְּחוּ עֵינֵיהֶם. כְּמַאן — כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב.
The Gemara comments: In accordance with whose opinion is that which is taught: The verse that states: “Even all creeping animals that creep upon the earth, you shall not eat them, for they are a detestable thing” (Leviticus 11:42) comes to include in the list of prohibited creeping animals even chicks that have not yet opened their eyes. In accordance with whose opinion is this baraita? It is in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov.
אָמַר רַב הוּנָא אָמַר רַב: בֵּיצָה, עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ נִגְמְרָה. מַאי ״עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ נִגְמְרָה״? אִילֵּימָא, עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ נִגְמְרָה וּמוּתֶּרֶת לְאׇכְלָה בְּחָלָב — הָא בִּמְעֵי אִמָּהּ אֲסוּרָה לְאׇכְלָה בְּחָלָב? וְהָתַנְיָא: הַשּׁוֹחֵט אֶת הַתַּרְנְגוֹלֶת וּמָצָא בָּהּ בֵּיצִים גְּמוּרוֹת — מוּתָּרוֹת לְאָכְלָן בְּחָלָב!
§ Rav Huna said that Rav said: An egg is fully formed upon its emergence; i.e., it is not considered an egg until it is laid. The Gemara inquires: What is the meaning of the statement: An egg is fully formed upon its emergence? To which issue is Rava referring? If we say he meant an egg is fully formed and called an egg only upon its emergence, and at this stage it is permitted to eat it with milk, this indicates that while an egg is still inside its mother, even if it is fully formed, it is considered meat and it is prohibited to eat it with milk. But isn’t it taught in a baraita: With regard to one who slaughters a chicken and finds fully formed eggs inside it, it is permitted to eat them with milk?
אֶלָּא: עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ נִגְמְרָה — וּמוּתֶּרֶת לְאוֹכְלָהּ בְּיוֹם טוֹב. הָא בִּמְעֵי אִמָּהּ אֲסוּרָה לְאׇכְלָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב? וְהָא תַּנְיָא: הַשּׁוֹחֵט אֶת הַתַּרְנְגוֹלֶת וּמָצָא בָּהּ בֵּיצִים גְּמוּרוֹת — מוּתָּרוֹת לְאָכְלָן בְּיוֹם טוֹב!
Rather, Rav’s statement should be explained as follows: An egg is fully formed upon its emergence in that it is permitted to eat it on a Festival only if the entire egg emerged on a weekday. The Gemara expresses surprise at this claim: This indicates that if an egg is found inside its mother, it is prohibited to eat it on a Festival. But isn’t it taught: With regard to one who slaughters a chicken and finds fully formed eggs inside it, it is permitted to eat them on a Festival?
וְכִי תֵּימָא: קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן בְּבָרַיְיתָא מַאי דְּלָא אַשְׁמְעִינַן בְּמַתְנִיתִין, הָא נָמֵי תְּנֵינָא: בֵּיצָה שֶׁנּוֹלְדָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: תֵּאָכֵל, וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים: לֹא תֵּאָכֵל. וְעַד כָּאן לָא פְּלִיגִי בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וּבֵית הִלֵּל אֶלָּא בְּנוֹלְדָה, אֲבָל בִּמְעֵי אִמָּן — דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל שַׁרְיָין.
And if you say: The baraita teaches us that which the mishna did not explicitly teach us, and Rav stated the halakha accordingly; however, this we already learned in the mishna here, as it says in the mishna: With regard to an egg laid on a Festival, Beit Shammai say it may be eaten, and Beit Hillel say it may not be eaten. And Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel disagree only with regard to an egg that was already laid, but concerning eggs inside their mothers, all agree that they are permitted.
וְכִי תֵּימָא בֵּית הִלֵּל אֲפִילּוּ בִּמְעֵי אִמָּן נָמֵי אָסְרִי, וְהַאי דְּקָתָנֵי ״נוֹלְדָה״ — לְהוֹדִיעֲךָ כֹּחָן דְּבֵית שַׁמַּאי דַּאֲפִילּוּ נוֹלְדָה נָמֵי שָׁרוּ, אֶלָּא הָא דְּתַנְיָא: הַשּׁוֹחֵט אֶת הַתַּרְנְגוֹלֶת וּמָצָא בָּהּ בֵּיצִים גְּמוּרוֹת — מוּתָּרוֹת לְאָכְלָן בְּיוֹם טוֹב, מַנִּי? לָא בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וְלָא בֵּית הִלֵּל!
And if you say that the mishna should be explained in the opposite manner, as Beit Hillel also prohibit eggs inside their mothers, and the fact that the mishna teaches: Laid, is to convey the far-reaching nature of the opinion of Beit Shammai, that they permit even an egg that was laid. However, consider that which is taught in the aforementioned baraita: With regard to one who slaughters a chicken and finds inside it fully formed eggs, it is permitted to eat them on a Festival. In accordance with whose opinion is this baraita? It is the opinion neither of Beit Shammai nor of Beit Hillel.
אֶלָּא: עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ, נִגְמְרָה — וּמְגַדֶּלֶת אֶפְרוֹחִים, בִּמְעֵי אִמָּהּ — אֵינָהּ מְגַדֶּלֶת אֶפְרוֹחִים. לְמַאי נָפְקָא מִינַּהּ? לְמִקָּח וּמִמְכָּר. כִּי הָהוּא דַּאֲמַר לְהוּ: בֵּיעֵי
Rather, Rav certainly did not prohibit an egg that has not yet been laid. Instead, his statement should be explained as follows: An egg is fully formed upon its emergence, and it produces chicks, i.e., an egg laid in the regular manner can be incubated and a chick will hatch from it. By contrast, an egg that remained inside its mother cannot produce chicks. The Gemara asks: What is the practical halakhic difference of this observation? The Gemara answers: It is relevant for buying and selling. In other words, the difference between the types of eggs has ramifications for terms of commerce. This is like that incident involving a certain individual who would say to the general public: Eggs
New to Talmud?
Check out our resources designed to help you navigate a page of Talmud – and study at the pace, level and style that fits you.
The Hadran Women’s Tapestry
Meet the diverse women learning Gemara at Hadran and hear their stories.
I had tried to start after being inspired by the hadran siyum, but did not manage to stick to it. However, just before masechet taanit, our rav wrote a message to the shul WhatsApp encouraging people to start with masechet taanit, so I did! And this time, I’m hooked! I listen to the shiur every day , and am also trying to improve my skills.
Yad Binyamin, Israel
I’ve been wanting to do Daf Yomi for years, but always wanted to start at the beginning and not in the middle of things. When the opportunity came in 2020, I decided: “this is now the time!” I’ve been posting my journey daily on social media, tracking my progress (#DafYomi); now it’s fully integrated into my daily routines. I’ve also inspired my partner to join, too!
Teaneck, United States
In July, 2012 I wrote for Tablet about the first all women’s siyum at Matan in Jerusalem, with 100 women. At the time, I thought, I would like to start with the next cycle – listening to a podcast at different times of day makes it possible. It is incredible that after 10 years, so many women are so engaged!
Pittsburgh, United States
I read Ilana Kurshan’s “If All the Seas Were Ink” which inspired me. Then the Women’s Siyum in Jerusalem in 2020 convinced me, I knew I had to join! I have loved it- it’s been a constant in my life daily, many of the sugiyot connect to our lives. My family and friends all are so supportive. It’s incredible being part of this community and love how diverse it is! I am so excited to learn more!
Jerusalem, Israel
I went to day school in Toronto but really began to learn when I attended Brovenders back in the early 1980’s. Last year after talking to my sister who was learning Daf Yomi, inspired, I looked on the computer and the Hadran site came up. I have been listening to each days shiur in the morning as I work. I emphasis listening since I am not sitting with a Gamara. I listen while I work in my studio.
Tekoa, Israel
I decided to learn one masechet, Brachot, but quickly fell in love and never stopped! It has been great, everyone is always asking how it’s going and chering me on, and my students are always making sure I did the day’s daf.
Memphis, Tennessee, United States
It’s hard to believe it has been over two years. Daf yomi has changed my life in so many ways and has been sustaining during this global sea change. Each day means learning something new, digging a little deeper, adding another lens, seeing worlds with new eyes. Daf has also fostered new friendships and deepened childhood connections, as long time friends have unexpectedly become havruta.
Northwest Washington, United States
I began my journey two years ago at the beginning of this cycle of the daf yomi. It has been an incredible, challenging experience and has given me a new perspective of Torah Sh’baal Peh and the role it plays in our lives
Efrat, Israel
As Jewish educator and as a woman, I’m mindful that Talmud has been kept from women for many centuries. Now that we are privileged to learn, and learning is so accessible, it’s my intent to complete Daf Yomi. I am so excited to keep learning with my Hadran community.
Denver, United States
I was exposed to Talmud in high school, but I was truly inspired after my daughter and I decided to attend the Women’s Siyum Shas in 2020. We knew that this was a historic moment. We were blown away, overcome with emotion at the euphoria of the revolution. Right then, I knew I would continue. My commitment deepened with the every-morning Virtual Beit Midrash on Zoom with R. Michelle.
Zichron Yaakov, Israel
I’ve been learning since January 2020, and in June I started drawing a phrase from each daf. Sometimes it’s easy (e.g. plants), sometimes it’s very hard (e.g. korbanot), and sometimes it’s loads of fun (e.g. bird racing) to find something to draw. I upload my pictures from each masechet to #DafYomiArt. I am enjoying every step of the journey.
Ashdod, Israel
I was exposed to Talmud in high school, but I was truly inspired after my daughter and I decided to attend the Women’s Siyum Shas in 2020. We knew that this was a historic moment. We were blown away, overcome with emotion at the euphoria of the revolution. Right then, I knew I would continue. My commitment deepened with the every-morning Virtual Beit Midrash on Zoom with R. Michelle.
Zichron Yaakov, Israel
Since I started in January of 2020, Daf Yomi has changed my life. It connects me to Jews all over the world, especially learned women. It makes cooking, gardening, and folding laundry into acts of Torah study. Daf Yomi enables me to participate in a conversation with and about our heritage that has been going on for more than 2000 years.
Skokie, IL, United States
After experiences over the years of asking to join gemara shiurim for men and either being refused by the maggid shiur or being the only women there, sometimes behind a mechitza, I found out about Hadran sometime during the tail end of Masechet Shabbat, I think. Life has been much better since then.
London, United Kingdom
תמיד רציתי. למדתי גמרא בבית ספר בטורונטו קנדה. עליתי ארצה ולמדתי שזה לא מקובל. הופתעתי.
יצאתי לגימלאות לפני שנתיים וזה מאפשר את המחוייבות לדף יומי.
עבורי ההתמדה בלימוד מעגן אותי בקשר שלי ליהדות. אני תמיד מחפשת ותמיד. מוצאת מקור לקשר. ללימוד חדש ומחדש. קשר עם נשים לומדות מעמיק את החוויה ומשמעותית מאוד.
מיתר, ישראל
I learned daf more off than on 40 years ago. At the beginning of the current cycle, I decided to commit to learning daf regularly. Having Rabanit Michelle available as a learning partner has been amazing. Sometimes I learn with Hadran, sometimes with my husband, and sometimes on my own. It’s been fun to be part of an extended learning community.
Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
Blacksburg, United States
I had tried to start after being inspired by the hadran siyum, but did not manage to stick to it. However, just before masechet taanit, our rav wrote a message to the shul WhatsApp encouraging people to start with masechet taanit, so I did! And this time, I’m hooked! I listen to the shiur every day , and am also trying to improve my skills.
Yad Binyamin, Israel
I read Ilana Kurshan’s “If All the Seas Were Ink” which inspired me. Then the Women’s Siyum in Jerusalem in 2020 convinced me, I knew I had to join! I have loved it- it’s been a constant in my life daily, many of the sugiyot connect to our lives. My family and friends all are so supportive. It’s incredible being part of this community and love how diverse it is! I am so excited to learn more!
Jerusalem, Israel
Minnesota, United States
Beitzah 6
אָמַר רָבָא: מֵת בְּיוֹם טוֹב רִאשׁוֹן — יִתְעַסְּקוּ בּוֹ עֲמָמִים. מֵת בְּיוֹם טוֹב שֵׁנִי — יִתְעַסְּקוּ בּוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל, וַאֲפִילּוּ בִּשְׁנֵי יָמִים טוֹבִים שֶׁל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה. מַה שֶּׁאֵין כֵּן בְּבֵיצָה.
§ Rava said: If one died on the first day of a Festival, gentiles should attend to his burial. If he died on the second day of a Festival, Jews should attend to his burial. And even with regard to the two Festival days of Rosh HaShana, the halakha is that the legal status of the two days is like that of the two days of the Festivals; however, that is not so with regard to an egg that was laid on the first day of Rosh HaShana, as it remains prohibited on the second day.
נְהַרְדָּעֵי אָמְרִי: אַף בְּבֵיצָה. דְּמָה דַּעְתָּיךְ, דִּלְמָא מְעַבְּרִי לֵיהּ לֶאֱלוּל, הָא אָמַר רַב חִינָּנָא בַּר כָּהֲנָא אָמַר רַב: מִימוֹת עֶזְרָא וְאֵילָךְ לֹא מָצִינוּ אֱלוּל מְעוּבָּר.
The Sages of Neharde’a say: Even with regard to an egg, Rosh HaShana is no different from other Festivals, as an egg laid on the first day is permitted on the second. As what do you think i.e., what is your concern; perhaps witnesses will fail to arrive, and the court will proclaim the month of Elul full, i.e., thirty days long, and begin counting the year only from the following day? In that case, both days are kept as sacred ab initio. Didn’t Rav Ḥinnana bar Kahana say that Rav already said in this regard: From the days of Ezra and onward we have not found that the month of Elul was full, as the Sages employed various methods to ensure that there would be no need to add a thirtieth day. Consequently, Rosh HaShana would always occur on the thirtieth day after the beginning of Elul.
אָמַר מָר זוּטְרָא: לָא אֲמַרַן, אֶלָּא דְּאִשְׁתַּהִי. אֲבָל לָא אִשְׁתַּהִי — מַשְׁהִינַן לֵיהּ.
Mar Zutra said: We said that Jews should attend to the dead on the second day of Rosh HaShana only when the burial of the corpse has already been delayed and for some reason the burial was not on the day that he died. In that case, the body might begin to decay, and the dignity of the dead is at stake. However, if the burial has not been delayed, and there is no concern for the dignity of the corpse, its burial may not be attended to on the Festival; rather, we delay it until the Festival has ended.
רַב אָשֵׁי אָמַר: אַף עַל גַּב דְּלָא אִשְׁתַּהִי, נָמֵי לָא מַשְׁהִינַן לֵיהּ. מַאי טַעְמָא, יוֹם טוֹב שֵׁנִי לְגַבֵּי מֵת — כְּחוֹל שַׁוְּיוּהּ רַבָּנַן, אֲפִילּוּ לְמֵיגַז לֵיהּ גְּלִימָא, וּלְמֵיגַז לֵיהּ אָסָא.
Rav Ashi said: Even though the burial was not delayed, but it is the day that he died, we still do not delay the burial. What is the reason for this? With regard to the dead, the Sages equated the legal status of the second Festival day with that of a weekday. This is true to such an extent that on a Festival it is permitted even to cut material to fashion a cloak for the deceased. And similarly, it is permitted to cut myrtles for the deceased, to be placed on the bier in their honor.
אָמַר רָבִינָא: וְהָאִידָּנָא דְּאִיכָּא חַבָּרֵי — חָיְישִׁינַן.
Ravina said: And nowadays, when there are ḥabarei, this practice must be adjusted. The ḥabarei were Persian priests who made false accusations against Jews in Babylonia. They cited the fact that Jews were burying their dead on the second Festival day as proof that the day was not holy, and they forced them to work on that day. Since we are concerned about this possibility, we do not bury the dead on the second day.
רָבִינָא הֲוָה יָתֵיב קַמֵּיהּ דְּרַב (אַסִּי) בִּשְׁנֵי יָמִים טוֹבִים שֶׁל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה, חַזְיֵיהּ דַּהֲוָה עֲצִיב, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אַמַּאי עֲצִיב מָר? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: דְּלָא אוֹתִיבִי עֵירוּבֵי תַּבְשִׁילִין.
The Gemara relates: Ravina sat before Rav Ashi on the two Festival days of Rosh HaShana, which occurred that year on Thursday and Friday. Ravina observed that Rav Ashi was sad. He said to him: Why is the Master sad? He said to him: Because I did not prepare a joining of cooked foods, and therefore I cannot prepare food or light a candle on Rosh HaShana for the upcoming Shabbat. When a Festival immediately precedes Shabbat, a joining of cooked foods is prepared before the Festival with ready-to-eat food. It is kept until Shabbat, symbolically indicating that any food prepared on the Festival for Shabbat is merely a continuation of that initial preparation.
אֲמַר לֵיהּ: וְלוֹתֵיב מָר הָאִידָּנָא? מִי לָא אָמַר רָבָא: מַנִּיחַ אָדָם עֵירוּבֵי תַבְשִׁילִין מִיּוֹם טוֹב לַחֲבֵירוֹ, וּמַתְנֶה!
Ravina said to him: And let the Master prepare a joining of cooked foods now, on the first day of Rosh HaShana, a Thursday. Didn’t Rava say: A person may prepare a joining of cooked foods from one Festival day of the Diaspora to another, by stipulating the following condition: If today is a weekday and tomorrow is holy, this shall be my joining of cooked foods, by means of which I may prepare food tomorrow for Shabbat; if today is holy and tomorrow a weekday, it is permitted to prepare food tomorrow as it is on any regular weekday, and a joining of cooked foods is not needed.
אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אֵימַר דְּאָמַר רָבָא בִּשְׁנֵי יָמִים טוֹבִים שֶׁל גָּלִיּוֹת. בִּשְׁנֵי יָמִים טוֹבִים שֶׁל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה מִי אָמַר?
Rav Ashi said to him: You can say that Rava stated this halakha with regard to the regular two Festival days of the Diaspora; but did he actually say so with regard to the two Festival days of Rosh HaShana? The two days of Rosh HaShana are considered one long day, and they are both equally holy.
וְהָא אָמְרִי נְהַרְדָּעֵי: אַף בֵּיצָה מוּתֶּרֶת. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב מָרְדֳּכַי: בְּפֵירוּשׁ אֲמַר לִי מָר דְּלָא סָבַר לְהָא דִּנְהַרְדָּעֵי.
Ravina replied: Didn’t the Sages of Neharde’a say that even an egg is permitted on the two days of Rosh HaShana, which are treated exactly the same as other Festival days in the Diaspora? The same ruling should apply to a joining of cooked foods. Rav Mordekhai said to Ravina: This does not resolve Rav Ashi’s difficulty, as the Master, Rav Ashi, explicitly said to me that he does not hold in accordance with this opinion of the Sages of Neharde’a. Rather, he maintains that Rosh HaShana differs from other Festivals, and in this case there is no way to make up for failure to prepare a joining of cooked foods.
אִתְּמַר: אֶפְרוֹחַ שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב, רַב אָמַר: אָסוּר. וּשְׁמוּאֵל, וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: מוּתָּר. רַב אָמַר: אָסוּר — מוּקְצֶה הוּא. וּשְׁמוּאֵל, וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר: מוּתָּר — הוֹאִיל וּמַתִּיר עַצְמוֹ בִּשְׁחִיטָה.
§ It was stated that amora’im disputed the following case: With regard to a chick that hatched on a Festival, Rav said: It is prohibited. And Shmuel, and some say Rabbi Yoḥanan, said: It is permitted. The Gemara explains the reasoning for their respective opinions. Rav said: It is prohibited because it is muktze. And Shmuel, and some say Rabbi Yoḥanan said: It is permitted, since it itself is rendered permitted through slaughter. The slaughter of the chicken, which renders it fit to be eaten, is made possible by its hatching. Consequently, hatching likewise removes the prohibition of muktze.
אָמְרִי לֵיהּ רַב כָּהֲנָא וְרַב אַסִּי לְרַב: וְכִי מָה בֵּין זֶה לְעֵגֶל שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב? אֲמַר לְהוּ: הוֹאִיל וּמוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ בִּשְׁחִיטָה.
Rav Kahana and Rav Asi said to Rav: And what is the difference between this case and that of a calf born on a Festival, since you agree that a calf may be slaughtered on that day? He said to them: There is a difference. Since a calf inside its mother is considered prepared on account of its mother, by slaughter, the halakha is as follows: If a cow is slaughtered, the calf inside its womb is also permitted. Therefore, that calf never had the status of muktze, whereas the chick was considered muktze before it hatched.
וּמָה בֵּין זֶה לְעֵגֶל שֶׁנּוֹלַד מִן הַטְּרֵפָה! שְׁתֵיק רַב.
Rav Kahana and Rav further challenged Rav: And what is the difference between this case and that of a tereifa? If the mother has a condition that will cause it to die within twelve months, neither it nor the calf inside it may be eaten. Nevertheless, after it is born the calf may be slaughtered on a Festival and it is permitted. Rav was silent and did not offer an answer, as though he did not know how to respond to the question.
אֲמַר רַבָּה וְאִיתֵּימָא רַב יוֹסֵף: מַאי טַעְמָא שְׁתֵיק רַב? לֵימָא לְהוּ: הוֹאִיל וּמוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ לִכְלָבִים!
Rabba said, and some say it was Rav Yosef: What is the reason that Rav was silent? Let him say to them: Even a calf born to a tereifa mother is not considered fully muktze, since it is prepared on account of its mother to be fed to dogs. On a Festival, it is permitted to slaughter a tereifa and give it to dogs as food, and therefore the calf is not fully muktze even before it is born. By contrast, a chick in its shell is not intended as food for dogs, and therefore a chick that hatched on a Festival was unfit for use when the Festival began. Consequently, it was considered muktze and it is now nolad, an object that came into being on Shabbat or a Festival, and it is therefore prohibited.
אֲמַר לֵיהּ אַבָּיֵי:
Abaye said to him:
הַשְׁתָּא מוּכָן לְאָדָם לָא הָוֵי מוּכָן לִכְלָבִים, דִּתְנַן: מְחַתְּכִין אֶת הַדִּלּוּעִין לִפְנֵי הַבְּהֵמָה, וְאֶת הַנְּבֵלָה לִפְנֵי הַכְּלָבִים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: אִם לֹא הָיְתָה נְבֵלָה מֵעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת — אֲסוּרָה, לְפִי שֶׁאֵינָהּ מִן הַמּוּכָן; מוּכָן לִכְלָבִים הָוֵי מוּכָן לְאָדָם?!
Now, we know that food prepared, i.e., fit, for human consumption that became spoiled is not automatically considered prepared for dogs, as we learned in a mishna (see 2a): One may cut pumpkins before an animal to facilitate their consumption, and likewise one may cut up an animal carcass, even of an animal that died on Shabbat, before dogs. Rabbi Yehuda says: If the animal was not already a carcass, i.e., it was not dead and fit for dogs, prior to Shabbat, it is prohibited, because it is not in the category of items considered prepared for use on Shabbat. This shows that although this animal was fit for human consumption while alive, it does not automatically become prepared for dogs once it dies. If so, can food prepared for dogs be considered prepared for humans?
אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אִין, מוּכָן לְאָדָם — לָא הָוֵי מוּכָן לִכְלָבִים, דְּמַאי דַּחֲזֵי לֵיהּ לְאִינִישׁ לָא שָׁדֵי לֵיהּ לִכְלָבִים. מוּכָן לִכְלָבִים — הָוֵי מוּכָן לְאָדָם, דְּדַעְתֵּיהּ דְּאִינִישׁ אַכׇּל מִידֵּי דַּחֲזֵי לֵיהּ.
He said to him: Yes. It is not surprising that something prepared and fit for humans is not considered fit and prepared for dogs, as that which is fit for a person, one does not throw it to dogs, and he has therefore removed that animal from his mind. However, something that is prepared for dogs is also considered fit and prepared for humans, as a person’s mind is on anything fit to be eaten by him. One does not completely remove from his mind even food meant for dogs, if it is kosher and edible. Consequently, one has in mind the possibility that he might eat the calf of a cow that is a tereifa once it is born, since at that point it will be kosher and edible.
תַּנְיָא כְּוָתֵיהּ דְּרַב, תַּנְיָא כְּוָתֵיהּ דִּשְׁמוּאֵל וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן.
With regard to the dispute itself, the Gemara comments: It is taught in a baraita in accordance with the opinion of Rav; and it is taught in another baraita in accordance with the opinion of Shmuel, and some say in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yoḥanan.
תַּנְיָא כְּוָתֵיהּ דְּרַב: עֵגֶל שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — מוּתָּר, אֶפְרוֹחַ שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — אָסוּר, וּמָה הֶפְרֵשׁ בֵּין זֶה לָזֶה? זֶה מוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ בִּשְׁחִיטָה, וְזֶה אֵינוֹ מוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ.
The Gemara elaborates: It is taught in a baraita in accordance with the opinion of Rav: A calf born on a Festival is permitted; a chick born on a Festival is prohibited. And what is the difference between this case and that one? This one, the calf, is prepared on account of its mother by slaughter; and that one, the chick, is not prepared on account of its mother.
תַּנְיָא כְּוָתֵיהּ דִּשְׁמוּאֵל וְאִיתֵּימָא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: עֵגֶל שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — מוּתָּר, וְאֶפְרוֹחַ שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — מוּתָּר, מַאי טַעְמָא: זֶה מוּכָן אַגַּב אִמּוֹ, וְזֶה מַתִּיר עַצְמוֹ בִּשְׁחִיטָה.
The Gemara further explains: It is taught in a baraita in accordance with the opinion of Shmuel, and some say it is the opinion of Rabbi Yoḥanan: A calf born on a Festival is permitted, and a chick born on a Festival is likewise permitted. What is the reason? This one, the calf, is prepared on account of its mother; and that one, the chick, is itself rendered permitted through slaughter.
תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: אֶפְרוֹחַ שֶׁנּוֹלַד בְּיוֹם טוֹב — אָסוּר. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר: אַף בַּחוֹל אָסוּר, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא נִתְפַּתְּחוּ עֵינָיו.
The Sages taught in a baraita: A chick born on a Festival is prohibited. Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov says: Even on a weekday, the chick is prohibited on the day it hatched because its eyes have not yet opened. A small chick of this kind is not yet considered a bird fit for consumption; rather, it is similar to a creeping animal.
כְּמַאן אָזְלָא הָא דְּתַנְיָא: ״לְכׇל הַשֶּׁרֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵץ עַל הָאָרֶץ״, לְרַבּוֹת אֶפְרוֹחִים שֶׁלֹּא נִתְפַּתְּחוּ עֵינֵיהֶם. כְּמַאן — כְּרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב.
The Gemara comments: In accordance with whose opinion is that which is taught: The verse that states: “Even all creeping animals that creep upon the earth, you shall not eat them, for they are a detestable thing” (Leviticus 11:42) comes to include in the list of prohibited creeping animals even chicks that have not yet opened their eyes. In accordance with whose opinion is this baraita? It is in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov.
אָמַר רַב הוּנָא אָמַר רַב: בֵּיצָה, עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ נִגְמְרָה. מַאי ״עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ נִגְמְרָה״? אִילֵּימָא, עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ נִגְמְרָה וּמוּתֶּרֶת לְאׇכְלָה בְּחָלָב — הָא בִּמְעֵי אִמָּהּ אֲסוּרָה לְאׇכְלָה בְּחָלָב? וְהָתַנְיָא: הַשּׁוֹחֵט אֶת הַתַּרְנְגוֹלֶת וּמָצָא בָּהּ בֵּיצִים גְּמוּרוֹת — מוּתָּרוֹת לְאָכְלָן בְּחָלָב!
§ Rav Huna said that Rav said: An egg is fully formed upon its emergence; i.e., it is not considered an egg until it is laid. The Gemara inquires: What is the meaning of the statement: An egg is fully formed upon its emergence? To which issue is Rava referring? If we say he meant an egg is fully formed and called an egg only upon its emergence, and at this stage it is permitted to eat it with milk, this indicates that while an egg is still inside its mother, even if it is fully formed, it is considered meat and it is prohibited to eat it with milk. But isn’t it taught in a baraita: With regard to one who slaughters a chicken and finds fully formed eggs inside it, it is permitted to eat them with milk?
אֶלָּא: עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ נִגְמְרָה — וּמוּתֶּרֶת לְאוֹכְלָהּ בְּיוֹם טוֹב. הָא בִּמְעֵי אִמָּהּ אֲסוּרָה לְאׇכְלָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב? וְהָא תַּנְיָא: הַשּׁוֹחֵט אֶת הַתַּרְנְגוֹלֶת וּמָצָא בָּהּ בֵּיצִים גְּמוּרוֹת — מוּתָּרוֹת לְאָכְלָן בְּיוֹם טוֹב!
Rather, Rav’s statement should be explained as follows: An egg is fully formed upon its emergence in that it is permitted to eat it on a Festival only if the entire egg emerged on a weekday. The Gemara expresses surprise at this claim: This indicates that if an egg is found inside its mother, it is prohibited to eat it on a Festival. But isn’t it taught: With regard to one who slaughters a chicken and finds fully formed eggs inside it, it is permitted to eat them on a Festival?
וְכִי תֵּימָא: קָא מַשְׁמַע לַן בְּבָרַיְיתָא מַאי דְּלָא אַשְׁמְעִינַן בְּמַתְנִיתִין, הָא נָמֵי תְּנֵינָא: בֵּיצָה שֶׁנּוֹלְדָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: תֵּאָכֵל, וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים: לֹא תֵּאָכֵל. וְעַד כָּאן לָא פְּלִיגִי בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וּבֵית הִלֵּל אֶלָּא בְּנוֹלְדָה, אֲבָל בִּמְעֵי אִמָּן — דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל שַׁרְיָין.
And if you say: The baraita teaches us that which the mishna did not explicitly teach us, and Rav stated the halakha accordingly; however, this we already learned in the mishna here, as it says in the mishna: With regard to an egg laid on a Festival, Beit Shammai say it may be eaten, and Beit Hillel say it may not be eaten. And Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel disagree only with regard to an egg that was already laid, but concerning eggs inside their mothers, all agree that they are permitted.
וְכִי תֵּימָא בֵּית הִלֵּל אֲפִילּוּ בִּמְעֵי אִמָּן נָמֵי אָסְרִי, וְהַאי דְּקָתָנֵי ״נוֹלְדָה״ — לְהוֹדִיעֲךָ כֹּחָן דְּבֵית שַׁמַּאי דַּאֲפִילּוּ נוֹלְדָה נָמֵי שָׁרוּ, אֶלָּא הָא דְּתַנְיָא: הַשּׁוֹחֵט אֶת הַתַּרְנְגוֹלֶת וּמָצָא בָּהּ בֵּיצִים גְּמוּרוֹת — מוּתָּרוֹת לְאָכְלָן בְּיוֹם טוֹב, מַנִּי? לָא בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וְלָא בֵּית הִלֵּל!
And if you say that the mishna should be explained in the opposite manner, as Beit Hillel also prohibit eggs inside their mothers, and the fact that the mishna teaches: Laid, is to convey the far-reaching nature of the opinion of Beit Shammai, that they permit even an egg that was laid. However, consider that which is taught in the aforementioned baraita: With regard to one who slaughters a chicken and finds inside it fully formed eggs, it is permitted to eat them on a Festival. In accordance with whose opinion is this baraita? It is the opinion neither of Beit Shammai nor of Beit Hillel.
אֶלָּא: עִם יְצִיאָתָהּ, נִגְמְרָה — וּמְגַדֶּלֶת אֶפְרוֹחִים, בִּמְעֵי אִמָּהּ — אֵינָהּ מְגַדֶּלֶת אֶפְרוֹחִים. לְמַאי נָפְקָא מִינַּהּ? לְמִקָּח וּמִמְכָּר. כִּי הָהוּא דַּאֲמַר לְהוּ: בֵּיעֵי
Rather, Rav certainly did not prohibit an egg that has not yet been laid. Instead, his statement should be explained as follows: An egg is fully formed upon its emergence, and it produces chicks, i.e., an egg laid in the regular manner can be incubated and a chick will hatch from it. By contrast, an egg that remained inside its mother cannot produce chicks. The Gemara asks: What is the practical halakhic difference of this observation? The Gemara answers: It is relevant for buying and selling. In other words, the difference between the types of eggs has ramifications for terms of commerce. This is like that incident involving a certain individual who would say to the general public: Eggs
